ENR 1.2 VISUAL FLIGHT RULES

 

1.2.1 METEOROLOGICAL MINIMUMS

  1. Except when operating as special VFR flight, VFR flight shall be conducted so that the aircraft is flown in conditions of visibility and distance from clouds equal to or greater than those specified in Rules of the Air as the table shown below:
空域類別
Airspace 		飛航能見度
Flight Visibility 		距雲之距離
Distance from clouds
A類
Class A 		不適用。
Not applicable 		不適用。
Not applicable
B類
Class B 		高於平均海平面10000FT(含) - 8KM。
低於平均海平面10000FT - 5KM。

8 KM - at and above 10000FT AMSL.
5 KM - below 10000FT AMSL. 		不進雲。
Clear of clouds
C類
Class C 		高於平均海平面10000FT(含) - 8KM。
低於平均海平面10000FT - 5KM。

8 KM - at and above 10000FT AMSL.
5 KM - below 10000FT AMSL. 		水平距離1500M，垂直距離1000FT。
1500M horizontal, 1000FT vertical
D類
Class D
E類
Class E
E類地表
Class E surface
G類
Class G
  1. 5KM。
  2. 民用直昇機之操作速度，足以使其看到其他航空器或障礙物，並能及時避免與其碰撞，則其飛航能見度得降低至1500M。
  3. 除民用直昇機外，其他直昇機之操作速度，足以使其看到其他航空器或障礙物，並能及時避免與其碰撞，則其飛航能見度得低於1500M。


 
  1. 5KM
  2. Civil helicopters: The flight visibility may be as low as 1500M, if operated at a speed that will give adequate opportunity to observe other traffic or any obstructions in time to avoid collision.
  3. Other helicopters: The flight visibility may be less than 1500M if operated at a speed that will give adequate opportunity to observe other traffic or any obstructions in time to avoid collision.
  1. 高於平均海平面3000FT或實際高度1000FT(以較高者為準) - 水平距離1500M，垂直距離1000FT。
  2. 低於或等於平均海平面3000FT或實際高度1000FT(以較高者為準) - 看清地面或水面，不進雲。


 
  1. Above 3000FT AMSL or 1000FT above surface (whichever is higher) 1500M horizontal 1000FT vertical.
  2. At or below 3000ft AMSL or 1000FT above surface, (whichever is higher) ─ in sight of ground or water and clear of clouds.
  1. Except as otherwise authorized by the appropriate air traffic control unit for special VFR flight, VFR flights shall not take off or land at an aerodrome within class B, class C, class D and class E Surface airspace, or enter those airspaces when the ceiling is less than 1500FT, or the ground visibility is less than 5KM at the aerodrome.

1.2.2 VFR FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS

  1. Unless exercising search and rescue during the night, training within the traffic pattern or authorized by the appropriate authority and emergency or emergency medical service, aircraft shall not be operated as a VFR flight during the night.
  2. Within controlled airspace, VFR flights shall not be operated at or above flight level 200, or at transonic and supersonic speeds.

1.2.3 VFR FLIGHT ALTITUDE

Except when necessary for take off or landing, or except by permission from the appropriate authority, aircraft shall not be flown:
  1. over the congested areas of cities, towns or settlements or over an open-air assembly of persons at height of less than 1000FT above the highest obstacle within a radius of 2000FT from the aircraft, or
  2. elsewhere at a height of less than 500FT above the ground or water.

1.2.4 SPECIAL VFR FLIGHT

  1. Aircraft operating in class B, class C, class D and class E Surface airspace may request authorization from ATC to operate as a special VFR flight under conditions as follows:
    1. The weather conditions are below VMC with a ceiling not less than 500FT (the ceiling not less than 900FT in Songshan Class C Airspace) and a ground visibility is not less than 1500M.
    2. When aerodrome weather report not available and the pilot reports a flight visibility is not less than 1500M.
  2. The aircraft operated as a special VFR flight shall keep clear of clouds and in sight of the ground or water, and shall maintain flight visibility not less than 1500M.
  3. Special VFR flight during the night is restricted except that both the pilot and aircraft are IFR capable and the flight is conducted for night training in the traffic pattern.

1.2.5 CHANGE FROM VFR FLIGHT TO IFR FLIGHT

A VFR aircraft wishes to change VFR to comply with IFR shall:
  1. when operate outside controlled airspace, notify the appropriate air traffic services unit with the necessary changes to be effected to its current flight plan.
  2. when operate in controlled airspace, notify the appropriate air traffic services unit with the necessary changes to be effected to its current flight plan and obtain a clearance from ATC unit.