1.8.1 MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE PROCEDURES

Mach Number Technique Procedures will be applied to the requirements of Letter of Agreement between Taipei FIR and Hong Kong FIR as well as Taipei FIR and Manila FIR by control centers.
Details of Mach Number Technique contained in ICAO Doc. 4444 (Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Procedures) and Doc. 7030 (Regional Supplementary Procedures).
To comply with required separation, ATC may assign aircraft Mach number to maintain as appropriate to traffic situation. Pilot shall advise ATC as soon as possible if the assigned Mach Number not feasible to the aircraft operation.
Notify ATC as soon as possible if deviations to the cleared Mach Number is necessary.
Between Taipei FIR and Manila FIR, when Mach Number Technique applied, minimum longitudinal separation between aircraft at Flight Information Region boundary (transferring point) will be:

隔離要求 Separation Requirement
前機較後機快 The preceding Aircraft is faster
馬赫值差異 Difference in Mach Numbers	前後隔離 Longitudinal Separation
0 - 0.01	10 min
0.02	9 min
0.03	8 min
0.04	7 min
0.05	6 min
0.06	5 min

Between Taipei FIR and Hong Kong FIR, when Mach Number Technique applied, minimum longitudinal separation between aircraft at Flight Information Region boundary (transferring point) will be:

隔離要求 Separation Requirement
前機較後機慢 The following Aircraft is faster
馬赫值差異 Difference in Mach Numbers	前後隔離 Longitudinal Separation
0.01	11 min
0.02	12 min
0.03	13 min
0.04	14 min
0.05 or greater	15 min

1.8.2 RESTRICTIVE USE OF AIRWAYS

In order to reduce traffic jam near Houlong (HLG VOR) area, during 0000-0230 and 0600-0800UTC, south-bound traffic departing from Taipei/Taiwan Taoyuan Int'l airport via M646 shall route via TINHO B591 GID Q11 thereafter join M646, unless otherwise approved by ATC.
In order to reduce traffic jam, during 0600-0800UTC, south-bound traffic departing from Taipei/Taiwan Taoyuan Int'l airport via KABAM N892 shall route via B591 Q12 thereafter join N892, unless otherwise approved by ATC.
During 2200-1600UTC, transit flights via KAPLI, KABAM and POTIB shall file airway W4 for northbound flights and airway B591/Q11 for southbound flights.
During 1750-2020UTC, inbound traffic via POTIB to Incheon FIR shall route M646 HCN B591 SANAS M750 MOLKA to join Z401 in Fukuoka FIR.
During 1700-2200UTC, traffic from Hong Kong FIR entering Taipei FIR shall comply with the following regulations:
1. Flights departing from Hong Kong FIR shall enter Taipei FIR via ENVAR/ELATO.
2. Flights transiting Hong Kong FIR and destined for Korea shall enter Taipei FIR via ENVAR/ELATO.
3. Flights transiting Hong Kong FIR and destined for Japan shall enter Taipei FIR via KAPLI and leave Taipei FIR via IGURU.

1.8.3 RVSM POLICY AND PROCEDURES IN TAIPEI FIR

Identification of RVSM Airspace
In Taipei FIR, RVSM airspace is prescribed within controlled airspace between FL 290 and FL 410 (inclusive). Please see subsection ENR 3.1. Flight level assignments for other airways are in accordance with ICAO Annex 2 Appendix 3 Table a).
Airworthiness and Operational Approval and Monitoring
1. APPROVAL PROCESS
  Operators must obtain airworthiness and operational approval from the State of Registry or State of the Operator, as appropriate, to conduct RVSM operations. On behalf of the Pacific ATS providers, the FAA is maintaining a website containing documents and policy for RVSM approval. The Internet address is: http://www.faa.gov/ats/ato/rvsm1.htm. In the "RVSM Documentation" section, under "Documents Applicable to All RVSM Approvals", the "Aircraft/Operator Approval Events Outlines" for US and Non-US Operators provides an outline of approval process tasks with references to related documents.
2. AIRCRAFT MONITORING
  Operators are required to participate in the RVSM aircraft monitoring program. This is an essential element of the RVSM implementation program in that it confirms that the aircraft altitude-keeping performance standard is being met. The Asia Pacific Approvals Registry and Monitoring Organization (APARMO) will process the results of monitoring. For further information on RVSM monitoring, the APARMO website can be accessed by:
  1. Accessing the "RVSM Documentation" section of the FAA RVSM website and clicking on the link to the APARMO website or...
  2. Using this Internet address:http://www.tc.faa.gov/act-500/niaab/rvsm/aparmo_intro.html
    Monitoring accomplished for other regions can be used to fulfill the monitoring requirements for the Asia-Pacific region. The APARMO will coordinate with other monitoring agencies to access this information. For monitoring services in the Asia-Pacific region, operators should contact the APARMO monitoring contractor as follows:
    Tel:+1 202 8632175
    Fax:+1 202 8622398
    Email:monitor@cssiinc.com
ACAS II and Transponder Equipage
1. The ICAO Asia-Pacific RVSM Implementation Task Force recommends that those aircraft equipped with ACAS and operated in RVSM airspace be equipped with ACAS II. TCAS II systems with Version 7.0 incorporated meet ICAO ACAS II standards. Operators must take action to inform themselves of ACAS II equipage requirements and plan for compliance. ICAO and individual States have established policies requiring ACAS II equipage and schedules for compliance. In addition, the APANPIRG has endorsed early ACAS II equipage in the region.
2. INTERNATIONAL GENERAL AVIATION (IGA) TRANSPONDER EQUIPAGE. ICAO Annex 6, Part II, states that, starting 1 January 2000, IGA airplanes shall be equipped with a pressure altitude reporting transponder certified by the appropriate State authority as meeting the provisions of Annex 10.
In-flight Procedures within RVSM Airspace
1. Before entering RVSM airspace, the pilot should review the status of required equipment. The following equipment should be operating normally:
  1. two primary altimetry systems;
  2. one automatic altitude-keeping device; and
  3. one altitude-alerting device.
2. See subsection 1.8.4 Contingency Procedures for RVSM, the pilot must notify ATC whenever the aircraft:
  1. is no longer RVSM compliant due to equipment failure; or
  2. experiences loss of redundancy of altimetry systems; or
  3. encounters turbulence that affects the capability to maintain flight level.
3. TRANSITION BETWEEN FL's
  During cleared transition between levels, the aircraft should not overshoot or undershoot the assigned FL by more than 150 ft (45 m).
4. PILOT LEVEL CALL
  Except in an ADS or radar environment, pilots shall report reaching any altitude assigned within RVSM airspace.
5. CONTINGENCY PROCEDURES
  Paragraphs 5 below contain procedures for weather deviation procedures applied in all airspace in the Taipei FIR.
Weather Deviation Procedures in the Taipei FIR
General procedures
1. The following procedures are intended to provide guidance. All possible circumstances cannot be covered. The pilot's judgment shall ultimately determine the sequence of actions taken and ATC shall render all possible assistance.
2. If the aircraft is required to deviate from track to avoid weather and prior clearance cannot be obtained, an air traffic control clearance shall be obtained at the earliest possible time. In the meantime, the aircraft shall follow the procedures detailed in paragraph i below.
3. The pilot shall advise ATC when weather deviation is no longer required, or when a weather deviation has been completed and the aircraft has returned to the center line of its cleared route.
4. When the pilot initiates communications with ATC, rapid response may be obtained by stating "WEATHER DEVIATION REQUIRED" to indicate that priority is desired on the frequency and for ATC response.
5. The pilot still retains the option of initiating the communications using the urgency call "PAN PAN" to alert all listening parties to a special handling condition, which may receive ATC priority for issuance of a clearance or assistance.
6. When controller-pilot communications are established, the pilot shall notify ATC and request clearance to deviate from track, advising, when possible, the extent of the deviation expected. ATC will take one of the following actions:
  1. if there is no conflicting traffic in the horizontal dimension, ATC will issue clearance to deviate from track; or
  2. if there is conflicting traffic in the horizontal dimension, ATC will separate aircraft by establishing vertical separation or, if unable to establish vertical separation, ATC shall advise the pilot unable to issue clearance for requested deviation, and advise pilot of conflicting traffic, then request pilot's intentions
    SAMPLE PHRASEOLOGY: "CAL603, unable, traffic eastbound, Boeing seven four seven, flight level three one zero, estimated over KADLO at zero four three seven, call sign EVA 68, advise intentions".
7. The pilot will take the following actions:
  1. Advise ATC of intentions by the most expeditious means available.
  2. Comply with air traffic control clearance issued or...
  3. Execute the procedures detailed in i) below. (ATC will issue essential traffic information to all affected aircraft).
  4. If necessary, establish voice communications with ATC to expedite dialogue on the situation.
    
    Actions to be taken if a revised air traffic control clearance cannot be obtained
8. The pilot shall take the actions listed below under the provision that the pilot may deviate from Rules of the Air (e.g., the requirement to operate on route or track centerline unless otherwise directed by ATC), when it is absolutely necessary in the interests of safety to do so.
9. If a revised air traffic control clearance cannot be obtained and deviation from track is required to avoid weather, the pilot shall take the following actions:
  1. if possible, deviate away from an organized track or route system.
  2. establish communication with and alert nearby aircraft by broadcasting, at suitable intervals: flight identification, flight level, aircraft position (including the ATS route designator or the track code) and intentions (including the magnitude of the deviation expected) on the frequency in use, as well as on frequency 121.5 MHz (or, as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45 MHz).
  3. watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS (if equipped);
  4. turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations).
  5. for deviations of less than 10NM, aircraft should remain at the level assigned by ATC.
  6. for deviations of greater than 10NM, when the aircraft is approximately 10NM from track, initiate a level change based on the following criteria:

航線方向 Route center line track	偏航＞10NM Deviations > 10 NM	高度改變 Level change
東向 000-179 磁方位 EAST 000-179 magnetic	偏左方偏右方 LEFT RIGHT	下降300FT 爬升300FT Descend 300FT Climb 300FT
西向 180-359 磁方位 WEST 180-359 magnetic	偏左方偏右方 LEFT RIGHT	爬升300FT 下降300FT Climb 300FT Descend 300FT

Note: i. ii. and iii. above calls for the pilot to: broadcast aircraft position and pilot's intentions, identify conflicting traffic and communicate air-to-air with near-by aircraft. If the pilot determines that there is another aircraft at or near the same FL with which his aircraft might conflict, then the pilot is expected to adjust the path of the aircraft, as necessary, to avoid conflict

if contact was not established prior to deviating, continue to attempt to contact ATC to obtain a clearance. If contact was established, continue to keep ATC advised of intentions and obtain essential traffic information.
when returning to track, be at its assigned flight level, when the aircraft is within approximately 10NM of centerline.

Flight Planning Requirements
Unless special arrangement is made as detailed below, RVSM approval is required for aircraft to operate within designated RVSM airspace. The operator must determine that the appropriate State authority has granted them RVSM operational approval and they will meet the RVSM requirements for the filed route of flight and any planned alternate routes. The letter "W" shall be inserted in item 10 (Equipment) of the ICAO standard flight plan to indicate that both the aircraft and operator are RVSM approved.
Procedures for Operation of Non-RVSM Compliant Aircraft in RVSM Airspace
1. FLIGHT PRIORITY
  It should be noted that RVSM approved aircraft will be given priority for level allocation over non-RVSM approved aircraft.
2. VERTICAL SEPARATION APPLIED
  The vertical separation minimum between non-RVSM aircraft operating in the RVSM stratum and all other aircraft is 2000 ft.
3. PHRASEOLGY
  Non-RVSM compliant aircraft operating in RVSM airspace should use the phraseology contained in subsection 1.8.5. Controller/pilot Phraseology for RVSM.
4. CONTINUOUS CLIMB/DESCENT OF NON-COMPLIANT AIRCRAFT THROUGH RVSM AIRSPACE
  Non-RVSM compliant aircraft may be cleared to climb to and operate above FL290 or descend to and operate below FL410 provided that they:
  1. Do not climb or descend at less than the normal rate for the aircraft and
  2. Do not level off at an intermediate level while passing through the RVSM stratum.
5. SPECIAL COORDINATION PROCEDURES FOR CRUISE OPERATION OF NON-RVSM COMPLIANT AIRCRAFT IN RVSM AIRSPACE
  Non-RVSM compliant aircraft may not file flight plan between FL290 and FL410 inclusive within RVSM airspace except for the following situations:
  1. The aircraft is being initially delivered to the State of Registry or Operator (see Paragraph 8) for additional details and information); or
  2. The aircraft was RVSM approved but has experienced an equipment failure and is being flown to a maintenance facility for repair in order to meet RVSM requirements and/or obtain approval; or
  3. The aircraft is transporting a spare engine mounted under the wing; or
  4. The aircraft is being utilized for mercy or humanitarian purposes; or
  5. Public aircraft registered in R.O.C. (aircraft owned or used by a government agency to carry out official duties, excluding the military aircraft) and military aircraft.
    State aircraft of other nationalities (those aircraft used in military, custom and police services shall be deemed state aircraft).
    The procedures are intended exclusively for the purposes indicated and not as a means to circumvent the normal RVSM approval process.
    －The assignment of cruising levels to non-RVSM compliant aircraft listed in i. to v. above shall be subject to an ATC clearance. Aircraft operators shall include the "STS/ Category of operations (ie., FERRY / HUMANITARIAN / MILITARY / CUSTOM / POLICE) /NON-RVSM COMPLIANT" in field 18 of the ICAO Flight Plan.
    －When necessary, the Air Traffic Control Center may be contacted as follows:
    Post: Taipei Area Control Center (TACC)
    Tel: 886-3-3841040
    Fax:886-3-3860270
    AFS:RCAAZRZX, RCAAZQZX
Delivery Flights for Aircraft that are RVSM Compliant on Delivery
An aircraft that is RVSM compliant on delivery may operate in RVSM airspace provided that the crew is trained on RVSM policies and procedures applicable in the airspace and the responsible State issues the operator a letter of authorization approving the operation. State notification to the APARMO should be in the form of a letter, e-mail or fax documenting the one-time flight. The planned date of the flight, flight identification, registration number and aircraft type/series should be included.
Procedures for Suspension of RVSM
Air traffic services will consider suspending RVSM procedures within affected areas of the Taipei FIR when there are pilot reports of greater than moderate turbulence. Within areas where RVSM procedures are suspended, the vertical separation minimum between all aircraft will be 2000 ft.
Guidance for Pilots and Controllers for Actions in the Event of Aircraft System Malfunction or Turbulence Greater than Moderate
See subsection 1.8.4. Contingency Procedures for RVSM for guidance in these circumstances.
Procedures for Air-Ground Communication Failure
The air-ground communication failure procedures specified in Rules of the Air should be applied.

1.8.4 CONTINGENCY PROCEDURES FOR RVSM

CONTINGENCY SCENARIOS

The following paragraphs summarize pilot actions to mitigate the potential for conflict with other aircraft in certain contingency situations. They should be reviewed in conjunction with the expanded contingency scenarios detailed on the subsequent pages that contain additional technical and operational detail.

Scenario 1: The pilot is:

unsure of the vertical position of the aircraft due to the loss or degradation of all primary altimetry systems, or
unsure of the capability to maintain cleared flight level (CFL) due to turbulence or loss of all automatic altitude control systems.

駕駛員需 The Pilot should:	管制員預期會 ATC can be expected to:
評估狀況並保持許可空層； Maintain CFL while evaluating the situation;
以目視方式，並參考機載防撞系統（如有裝置），注意衝突之航空器。 Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS, if equipped;
如有需要，以下列方式警告附近航空器： 1) 儘可能開啟所有外部燈光 2) 於121.5兆赫頻率（亦可使用駕駛員間空對空123.45兆赫頻率做為備份）廣播位置、空層及意圖。 If considered necessary, alert nearby aircraft by 1) making maximum use of exterior lights; 2) broadcasting position, FL, and intentions on 121.5MHz (as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency, 123.45MHz,may be used).
告知航管單位航情狀況及欲採取之措施。可能之措施包括： Notify ATC of the situation and intended course of action. Possible courses of action include:	獲取駕駛員之意圖並傳遞重要航情狀況。 Obtain the pilot's intentions and pass essential traffic information.
1) 如航管單位能夠提供左右、前後隔離或傳統垂直隔離，保持許可之空層及航路。 1) maintaining the CFL and route provided that ATC can provide lateral, longitudinal or conventional vertical separation.	1) 如駕駛員要繼續在RVSM空域作業，應評估航情狀況，決定是否能夠提供左右、前後隔離或傳統垂直隔離。如果可以，提供適當之隔離。 1) if the pilot intends to continue in RVSM airspace, assess traffic situation to determine if the aircraft can be accommodated through the provision of lateral, longitudinal, or conventional vertical separation, and if so, apply the appropriate minimum.
2) 如航空器無法保持許可空層或航管單位無法提供適當隔離，要求航管許可爬升或下降至RVSM空域之上或之下。 2) requesting ATC clearance to climb above or descend below RVSM airspace if the aircraft cannot maintain CFL and ATC cannot establish adequate separation from other aircraft.	2) 如駕駛員要求許可離開RVSM空域，應儘速處理。 2) If the pilot requests clearance to exit RVSM airspace, accommodate expeditiously, if possible.
3) 如無法獲得航管許可，且航空器無法保持許可之空層，依照前述第1.8.3節第5及第9小節規定執行緊急程序，偏離指定之航線及空層。 3) executing the contingency maneuver shown in para 5 and 9 of subsection 1.8.3 to offset from the assigned track and FL, if ATC clearance cannot be obtained and the aircraft cannot maintain CFL	3) 如無法建立適當之隔離，且無法依駕駛員要求發給離開RVSM空域許可，告知駕駛員重要航情資訊，通知附近其他航空器，並繼續監視航情。 3) If adequate separation cannot be established and it is not possible to comply with the pilot's request for clearamce to exit RVSM airspace, advise the pilot of essential traffic information,notify other aircraft in the vicinity and contunue to monitor the situation.
	4) 告知相鄰航管單位／席位相關情況。 4) Notify adjoining ATC facilities/sectors of the situation.

Scenario 2: There is a failure or loss of accuracy of one primary altimetry system (e.g., greater than 200FT difference between primary altimeters)

駕駛員需
The Pilot should

交互檢查備份高度表，確認主要高度系統之準確性；無備份裝備時告知航管。如無法確認主要高度系統之正確性，依前述情景所列駕駛員措施處理。
Cross check standby altimeter, confirm the accuracy of a primary altimeter system and notify ATC of the loss of redundancy. If unable to confirm primary altimeter system accuracy, follow pilot actions listed in the preceding scenario.

EXPANDED EQUIPMENT FAILURE AND TURBULENCE ENCOUNTER SCENARIOS

Operators may consider this material for use in training programs.

Scenario 1: All automatic altitude control systems fail (e.g. Automatic Altitude Hold).

駕駛員需 The Pilot should	管制員預期會 ATC can be expected to
首先 Initially
保持許可空層 Maintain CFL
以手控方式評估航空器保持空層之能力。 Evaluate the aircraft's capability to maintain level through manual control.
其次 Subsequently
以目視方式，並參考機載防撞系統（如有裝置），注意衝突之航空器。 Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS, if equipped.
如有需要，以下列方式警告附近航空器： 1) 儘可能開啟所有外部燈光 2) 於121.5兆赫頻率（亦可使用駕駛員間空對空123.45兆赫頻率做為備份）廣播位置、空層及意圖。 If considered necessary, alert nearby aircraft by 1) making maximum use of exterior lights; 2) broadcasting position, FL and intentions on 121.5MHz (as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency, 123.45MHz, may be used.)
告知航管單位故障狀況及欲採取之措施。可能之措施包括： Notify ATC if the failure and intended course of action. Possible courses of action include:
1) 如航空器能夠保持空層，保持許可空層及航路。 1) maintaining the CFL and route, provided that the aircraft can maintain level.	1) 如駕駛員要繼續在RVSM空域作業，應評估航情狀況，決定是否能夠提供左右、前後隔離或傳統垂直隔離。如果可以，提供適當之隔離。 1) if the pilot intends to continue in RVSM airspace, assess traffic situation to determine if the aircraft can be accommodated through the provision of lateral, longitudinal, or conventional vertical separation, and if so, apply the appropriate minimum.
2) 如航空器無法保持許可之空層或航管單位無法提供適當隔離，要求航管許可爬升或下降至RVSM空域之上或之下。 2) requesting ATC clearance to climb above or descend below RVSM airspace if the aircraft cannot maintain CFL and ATC cannot establish lateral, longitudinal or conventional vertical separation.	2) 如駕駛員要求許可離開RVSM空域，應儘速處理。 2) If the pilot requests clearance to exit RVSM airspace, accommodate expeditiously, if possible.
3) 如無法獲得航管許可，且航空器無法保持許可之空層，依照前述第1.8.3節第5及第9小節規定執行緊急程序，偏離指定之航線及空層。 3) executing the contingency maneuver shown in para 5 and 9 of subsection 1.8.3 to offset from the assigned track and FL, if ATC clearance cannot be obtained and the aircraft cannot maintain CFL.	3) 如無法建立適當之隔離，且無法依駕駛員要求發給離開RVSM空域許可，告知駕駛員重要航情資訊，通知附近其他航空器，並繼續監視航情。 3) If adequate separation cannot be established and it is not possible to comply with the pilot's request for clearance to exit RVSM airspace, advise the pilot of essential traffic information, notify other aircraft in the vicinity and continue to monitor the situation.
	4) 告知相鄰航管單位／席位相關情況。 4) Notify adjoining ATC facilities/ sectors of the situation.

Scenario 2: Loss of redundancy in primary altimetry systems

駕駛員需 The Pilot should	管制員預期會 ATC can be expected to
如剩下之高度系統工作正常，將之連結至自動高度控制系統，告知航管單位無備份系統，並特別注意空層之保持。 If the remaining altimetry system is functioning normally, couple that system to the automatic altitude control system, notify ATC of the loss of redundancy and maintain vigilance of level keeping.	領知航空器狀況並繼續監視動態。 Acknowledge the situation and continue to monitor progress.

Scenario 3: All primary altimetry systems are considered unreliable or fail

駕駛員需 The Pilot should	管制員預期會 ATC can be expected to
參考備用高度表（如航空器有裝置），保持許可空層。 Maintain CFL by reference to the standby altimeter( if the aircraft is so equipped).
以下列方式警告附近航空器： 1) 儘可能開啟所有外部燈光 2) 於121.5兆赫頻率（亦可使用駕駛員間空對空123.45兆赫頻率做為備份）廣播位置、空層及意圖。 Alert nearby aircraft by 1) making maximum use of exterior lights; 2) broadcasting position, FL, and intentions on 121.5MHz (as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency, 123.45MHz, may be used).
考慮宣告緊急狀況。告知航管單位故障情形及欲採取之措施。可能之措施包括： Consider declaring an emergency. Notify ATC of the failure and intended course of action. Possible courses of action include:	獲取駕駛員之意圖並傳遞重要航情狀況。 Obtain pilot's intentions, and pass essential traffic information.
1) 如航管單位能夠提供左右、前後隔離或傳統垂直隔離，保持指定之空層及航路。 1) maintaining CFL and route provided that ATC can provide lateral, longitudinal or conventional vertical separation.	1) 如駕駛員要繼續在RVSM空域作業，應評估航情狀況，決定是否能夠提供左右、前後隔離或傳統垂直隔離。如果可以，提供適當之隔離。 1) If the pilot intends to continue in RVSM airspace, assess traffic situation to determine if the aircraft can be accommodated through the provision of lateral, longitudinal, or conventional vertical separation, and if so, apply the appropriate minimum.
2) 如航管單位無法提供適當隔離，要求航管許可爬升或下降至RVSM空域之上或之下。 2) requesting ATC clearance to climb above or descend below RVSM airspace if ATC cannot establish adequate separation from other aircraft.	2) 如駕駛員要求許可離開RVSM空域，應儘速處理。 2) If the pilot requests clearance to exit RVSM airspace, accommodate expeditiously, if possible.
3) 如無法獲得航管許可，依照前述第1.8.3節第5及第9小節規定執行緊急程序，偏離指定之航線及空層。 3) executing the contingency maneuver shown in para 5 and 9 of subsection 1.8.3 to offset from the assigned track and FL, if ATC clearance cannot be obtained.	3) 如無法建立適當之隔離，且無法依駕駛員要求發給離開RVSM空域許可，告知駕駛員重要航情資訊，通知附近其他航空器，並繼續監視航情。 3) If adequate separation cannot be established and it is not possible to comply with the pilot's request for clearance to exit RVSM airspace, advise the pilot of essential traffic information, notify other aircraft in the vicinity and continue to monitor the situation.
	4) 告知相鄰航管單位／席位相關情況。 4) Notify adjoining ATC facilities/sectors of the situation.

Scenario 4: The primary altimeters diverge by more than 200FT (60M)

駕駛員需 The Pilot should
依頒布之故障排除程序尋找問題系統及／或比較主要高度表及備用高度表(如需要，經修正卡修正者) Attempt to determine the defective system through established trouble-shooting procedures and/or comparing the primary altimeter displace to the standby altimeter (as corrected by the correction cards, if required).
如果找到問題系統，將工作正常之高度系統連結至保持高度裝置。 If the defective system can be determined, couple the functioning altimeter system to the altitude-keeping device.
如果找不到問題系統，依情景3「所有主要高度系統不可靠或故障」之指導操作。 If the defective system cannot be determined, follow the guidance in Scenario 3 for failure or unreliable altimeter indications of all primary altimeters.

Scenario 5: Turbulence (greater than moderate) which the pilot believes will impact the aircraft's capability to maintain flight level.

駕駛員需 The Pilot should	管制員預期會 ATC can be expected to
以目視方式，並參考機載防撞系統（如有裝置），注意衝突之航空器。 Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS, if equipped.
如有需要，以下列方式警告附近航空器： 1) 儘可能開啟所有外部燈光 2) 於121.5兆赫頻率（亦可使用駕駛員間空對空123.45兆赫頻率做為備份）廣播位置、空層及意圖。 If considered necessary, alert nearby aircraft by: 1) making maximum use of exterior lights 2) broadcasting position, FL, and intentions on 121.5 MHz (as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency, 123.45MHz, may be used).
告知航管單位故障情形及欲採取之措施。可能之措施包括： Notify ATC of intended course of action as soon as possible. Possible courses of action include:
1) 如航管單位能夠提供左右、前後隔離或傳統垂直隔離，保持指定之空層及航路。 1) maintaining CFL and route provided ATC can provide lateral, longitudinal or conventional vertical separation.	1) 如駕駛員要繼續在RVSM空域作業，應評估航情狀況，決定是否能夠提供左右、前後隔離或傳統垂直隔離。如果可以，提供適當之隔離。 1) Assess traffic situation to determine if the aircraft can be accommodated through the provision of lateral, longitudinal, or conventional vertical separation, and if so, apply the appropriate minimum.
2) 如必要，要求改變飛航空層。 2) requesting flight level change, if necessary.	2) 如駕駛員要求許可離開RVSM空域，應儘速處理。 2) If unable to provide adequate separation, advise the pilot of essential traffic information and request pilot's intentions.
3) 如無法獲得航管許可，且航空器無法保持許可之空層，依照前述第1.8.3節第5及第9小節規定執行緊急程序，偏離指定之航線及空層。 3) executing the contingency maneuver shown in para 5 and 9 of subsection 1.8.3 to offset from the assigned track and FL, if ATC clearance cannot be obtained and the aircraft cannot maintain CFL.	3) 如無法建立適當之隔離，且無法依駕駛員要求發給離開RVSM空域許可，告知駕駛員重要航情資訊，通知附近其他航空器，並繼續監視航情。 3) Notify other aircraft in the vicinity and monitor the situation.
	4) 告知相鄰航管單位／席位相關情況。 4) Notify adjoining ATC facilities/sectors of the situation.

1.8.5 CONTROLLER / PILOT PHRASEOLOGY FOR RVSM

訊息 Message	術語 (* 表示駕駛員發話) Phraseology (* Indicates a pilot transmission)
管制員確認航空器RVSM核准狀態： For a controller to ascertain the RVSM approval status of an aircraft:	(航空器識別) 確認RVSM核准 (call sign) CONFIRM RVSM APPROVED
駕駛員報告非RVSM核准： 1) 在RVSM空域任何頻率初次聯絡時（管制員應複誦RVSM核准狀態），及 2) 所有與RVSM空域有關之空層改變要求，及 3) 所有與RVSM空域有關之空層許可之複誦。除國家航空器外，於穿越FL290或FL410之空層許可，複誦許可時應包括此術語。參見以下範例。 For a pilot to report non-RVSM approval status: 1) on the initial call on any frequency within the RVSM airspace (controllers shall provide a readback with this same phrase), and 2) in all requests for flight level changes pertaining to flight levels within the RVSM airspace; and 3) in all read-backs to flight level clearances pertaining to flight levels within the RVSM airspace. Additionally, except for State aircraft, pilots shall include this phrase to read back flight level clearances involving the vertical transit through FL290 or FL410. See examples that follow.	沒有RVSM * NEGATIVE RVSM*
駕駛員報告RVSM核准狀況 For a pilot to report RVSM approval status.	有RVSM * AFFIRM RVSM*
非RVSM核准之國家航空器之駕駛員，回應RVSM狀態詢問「(航空器識別) 確認RVSM核准」，報告非RVSM核准狀況。 For a pilot of a non-RVSM approved State aircraft to report non-RVSM approval status, in response to the phrase (call sign) CONFIRM RVSM APPROVED.	沒有RVSM，國家航空器 * NEGATIVE RVSM STATE AIRCRAFT*
拒絕頒發許可進入RVSM空域： Denial of clearance into the RVSM airspace:	(航空器識別)不可進入RVSM空域，保持(或下降保持，或爬高保持)飛航空層(數字) (call sign) UNABLE CLEARANCE INTO RVSM AIRSPACE, MAINTAIN (or DESCEND AND MAINTAIN, or CLIMB AND MAINTAIN) FLIGHT LEVEL (number)
因嚴重亂流影響航空器保持高度能力，駕駛員報告不符合RVSM需求。 For a pilot to report when severe turbulence affects the aircraft's capability to maintain the height-keeping requirements for RVSM.	因亂流，不符合RVSM * UNABLE RVSM DUE TO TURBULENCE*
航行中因裝備降低性能，駕駛員報告不符合RVSM需求。(參見第1.8.4節RVSM緊急程序) (本術語用以表達不符合最低航行性能規範標準，其後，在RVSM空域內所有頻率之初次聯絡時，直到裝備問題已消失，或已離開RVSM空域) For a pilot to report that the aircraft's equipment has degraded enroute below that required for flight within the RVSM airspace. (See 1.8.4 Contingency Procedures for RVSM) (This phrase is to be used to convey both the initial indication of the non-MASPS compliance, and henceforth, on initial contact on all frequencies within the lateral limits of the RVSM airspace until such time as the problem ceases to exist, or the aircraft has exited the RVSM airspace.)	因裝備，不符合RVSM * UNABLE RVSM DUE TO EQUIPMENT*
於裝備或天氣相關之緊急程序後，駕駛員報告能夠恢復在RVSM空域作業。 For a pilot to report the ability to resume operations within the RVSM airspace after an equipment or weather-related contingency.	準備好恢復RVSM * READY TO RESUME RVSM*
管制員確認航空器已重新獲得RVSM核准之狀態，或向駕駛員確認準備好恢復RVSM作業。 For a controller to confirm that an aircraft has regained its RVSM approval status, or to confirm that the pilot is ready to resume RVSM operations	可以恢復RVSM時報告 REPORT ABLE TO RESUME RVSM

Example 1: A non-RVSM approved aircraft, maintaining FL260, subsequently requests a climb to FL320.

Pilot: (call sign) REQUEST FL320, NEGATIVE RVSM

Controller: (call sign) CLIMB AND MAINTAIN FL320

Pilot: (call sign) CLIMB AND MAINTAIN FL320, NEGATIVE RVSM

Example 2: A non-RVSM approved aircraft, maintaining FL 260, subsequently requests a climb to FL430.

Pilot: (call sign) REQUEST FL430, NEGATIVE RVSM

Controller: (call sign) CLIMB AND MAINTAIN FL430

Pilot: (call sign) CLIMB AND MAINTAIN FL430, NEGATIVE RVSM

Example 3: A non-RVSM approved aircraft, maintaining FL 360, subsequently requests a climb to FL 380.

Pilot: (call sign) REQUEST FL380, NEGATIVE RVSM

Controller: (call sign) CLIMB AND MAINTAIN FL380

Pilot: (call sign) CLIMB AND MAINTAIN FL380, NEGATIVE RVSM

Example 4: A non-RVSM approved civil aircraft maintaining FL280, subsequently requests a climb to FL320.

Pilot: (call sign) REQUEST FL320, NEGATIVE RVSM

Controller: (call sign) UNABLE ISSUE CLEARANCE INTO RVSM AIRSPACE, MAINTAIN FL280

Coordination between ATS units:

訊息 Message	術語 Phraseology
於可以自動交換預計時間，但無法自動傳送飛航計畫第18欄資料之環境時，以口頭補充航空器RVSM狀態。 To verbally supplement an automated estimate message exchange which does not automatically transfer Item 18 flight plan information.	沒有RVSM，或，沒有RVSM之國家航空器 NEGATIVE RVSM or NEGATIVE RVSM STATE AIRCRAFT (as applicable)
口頭補充非RVSM核准航空器之預計資料。 To verbally supplement estimate messages of non-RVSM approved aircraft.	沒有RVSM，或，沒有RVSM之國家航空器 NEGATIVE RVSM or NEGATIVE RVSM STATE AIRCRAFT (as applicable)
因嚴重亂流或其他嚴重天氣現象（或裝備故障），航空器無法實施RVSM作業時，傳遞緊急狀況原因。 To communicate the cause of a contingency relating to an aircraft that is unable to conduct RVSM operations due to severe turbulence or other severe weather- related phenomenon or equipment failure (as applicable).	因亂流(或裝備)不符合RVSM UNABLE RVSM DUE TO TURBULENCE (or EQUIPMENT, as applicable)

1.8.6 USE OF ATS ROUTES A1, G581 AND RNAV ROUTE M750 BETWEEN HONG KONG AND TAIPEI FIRS

ATS Route A1 between MAGOG and ANBU (APU VOR), and ATS Route G581 between MAGOG and DADON, FL280 or above are used for westbound traffic only. Eastbound traffic at FL290 or above shall use RNAV Route M750.
RNAV Route M750 between ENVAR and SANAS, 2000UTC to 1300UTC daily, below FL290 shall be approved by ATC.
Recommended routing for eastbound traffic at FL290 or above are as follows,
1. M750
2. Arrivals to Taipei/Taiwan Taoyuan Int'l Airport (RCTP) are to route via M750 to TONGA waypoint then join assigned STAR/ route.
3. M750 DADON to join G581
4. M750 B1 Transition to join B576
Non-RNAV compliant aircraft will have to route via A1 / G581 at FL270 or below.
Flight Level / Altitude Availability:
1. Westbound:
  1. A1: Cruising levels 6000FT or above.
  2. G581: Cruising levels 6000FT or above.
2. Eastbound:
  1. A1: Cruising levels 5000FT to FL270.
  2. G581: Cruising levels 7000FT or above.
  3. M750: Cruising levels FL270 or above.

1.8.7 USE OF ATS ROUTE A1 AND RNAV ROUTE M750 BETWEEN FUKUOKA AND TAIPEI FIRS

ATS route A1 between BULAN and ELATO, FL280 or above, shall be used for westbound traffic only.
Non-RNAV compliant aircraft will have to route via A1 at FL270 or below.
During closure of RNAV route M750, all aircraft will be routed via A1.
Flight Level Availability:
1. Westbound: A1 Cruising levels 6000FT or above.
2. Eastbound:
  1. A1: Cruising levels 5000FT to FL270.
  2. M750: Cruising levels FL270 or above.

1.8.8 SPEED RESTRICTION AND ADJUSTMENT FOR CIVIL AIRCRAFT

Unless in situations listed below, any aircraft, while in class B, C, D, E and E surface airspace area and below 10000FT MSL, shall not be operated at an indicated airspeed of more than 250 knots.

If the minimum safe airspeed for any particular operation is greater than the maximum airspeed prescribed above, the aircraft may be operated at that safe airspeed and the pilot should advise ATC as soon as possible.
To separate and expedite flow of traffic, ATC may cancel the airspeed restriction prescribed above to aircraft under radar control. It is important for the pilot and ATC not to violate the following restrictions:
1. airspeed restrictions prescribed in instrument flight procedures;
2. airspeed restrictions prescribed in Noise Abatement Procedures (Refer to AD 1.1.7).
3. airspeed restrictions prescribed for aircraft entering or holding on holding patterns (Refer to ENR 1.5.6 ).
When the descent clearance issued with the specified Mach number, indicated air speed might be assigned for transit.
EXAMPLE:
"MAINTAIN MACH (specified Mach number), TRANSIT TO (specified speed) KNOTS.

1.8.9 AIR-GROUND COMMUNICATION AND POSITION REPORT

While flying within the Taipei FIR aircraft shall maintain a constant listening watch on the appropriate ATC frequency or any other designated frequency and make position reports.
Inbound aircraft prior to crossing boundaries of the Taipei FIR, are required to contact Taipei Control or other designated radio stations. Giving position report for the purposes of air defense identification.
The first aircraft taking off from Taipei/Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, after 02, 05, 08, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 hours UTC, east bound over BULAN or west bound over ELATO is required to make routine observation at BULAN (270530N 1240000E) or ELATO (222000N 1173000E) which are designated as ATS/MET reporting points, and to report via data link or to report to Taipei radio of Taipei Communication Center via voice communications on frequencies 127.3MHZ or 8903KHZ / 13300KHZ(2330-1130UTC), 8903KHZ / 6532KHZ(1130-2330UTC). Except such cases as are mentioned in the following paragraph 4, all other aircraft on this route beyond the time mentioned above are exempted from this requirement unless otherwise requested by ATC or the appropriate authorities.
Special observation are required to make and to report to Taipei Radio of Taipei Communication Center as soon after they have been made as is practicable, by all aircraft operating on international air routes within Taipei FIR:
1. Whenever severe icing or severe turbulence is encountered; or
2. Whenever other meteorological conditions such as other phenomena included under the definition of SIGMET information are encountered which in the opinion of the pilot-in-command are likely to affect the safety or markedly affect efficiency of other aircraft operations.

1.8.10 ARRIVAL MESSAGE

When an arrival report is received by an air traffic control unit serving the aerodrome where the aircraft has landed, this unit is required to transmit an arrival message under the following situations:

For a landing at the intended destination: If it is indicated in the flight plan, Item 18, an arrival message is required to be reported to Taipei Flight Information Center, then be transmitted to the point of departure;
For a divert landing: An arrival message is required to be reported to Taipei Flight Information Center, then be transmitted to:
1. The intended destination, and
2. The point of departure, and
3. The ATS unit that the aircraft intended to fly over in the flight plan, but the flight had been diverted.

1.8.11 TCAS RESOLUTION ADVISORIES

Pilots are suggested to use the following phraseology to notify controllers during TCAS events:

When a TCAS RA may affect an ATC clearance, inform ATC when beginning the maneuver or as soon as workload permits.
EXAMPLE:
"Taipei Control, Dynasty zero zero three, TCAS RA."
When the RA has been resolved, the pilot should advise ATC that he/she is retuning to his/her previously assigned clearance or subsequent amended clearance.
EXAMPLE:
"Taipei Control, Dynasty zero zero three, clear of conflict, returning to assigned level."
"Taipei Approach, Eva zero two two, clear of conflict, returning to assigned level."

1.8.12 AIRCRAFT CLIMB/DESCENT RATE PROCEDURES

To promote flight safety, following procedures are established to enhance understanding between pilots and ATC on the meaning of level instructions in an ATC clearance. To comply with the procedure, the characteristics of aircraft climb/descent performance should be taken into consideration.

When the term "when ready" is used in conjunction with an level clearance, the pilot has the option of deciding when to start the climb/descent at any rate, to ATC assigned level.
When ATC issue a climb/descent level instruction without the term "when ready", the pilot should initiate climb/descent promptly on acknowledgment of the clearance. Climb or descent at an optimum rate consistent with the operating characteristics of the aircraft to 1000FT above or below the assigned level, and then attempt to climb/descent at a rate of between 500 fpm and 1500 fpm (feet per minute) until the assigned level is reached. If at anytime the pilot is unable to climb/descent at a rate of at least 500 fpm, advise ATC.

1.8.13 AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE BROADCAST (ADS-B) OUT OPERATION

The Taipei FIR conducts the ADS-B Out operations to comply with the plan of ICAO Asia/Pacific Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group (APANPIRG).

Operational requirements
1. All aircraft flying at or above FL290 within the Taipei FIR shall carry the certified ADS-B Out equipage complying with the requirements of EASA AMC 20-24 or the equipment configuration in Appendix XI of Civil Aviation Order 20.18 of the Civil Aviation Safety Authority of Australia. Otherwise, the flight level will be restricted at or below FL280.
2. Aircraft not complying with the local ADS-B Out equipage requirements will not be accorded priority to operate in the designated airspace and flight level assignments would be subjected to air traffic conditions.
3. When an aircraft is ADS-B Out equipped but the equipment has become unserviceable during flight, the pilot in command or aircraft operator must inform ATC as soon as possible.
4. If an aircraft carries ADS-B transmitting equipment which does not comply with an approved equipment configuration, the aircraft must not fly in the Taipei FIR unless the equipment is be deactivated or set to transmit only a value of zero for the Navigation Uncertainty Category (NUC) by the pilot.
Flight plan filing requirements
1. When an aircraft flies at or above FL290 within the Taipei FIR, the aircraft operators shall indicate relevant route and flight level depending on its equipage in the flight plan.
2. Aircraft operators shall indicate the appropriate ADS-B designator in Item 10 of the flight plan:
  1. B1 (ADS-B, 1090 MHz, OUT)
  2. B2 (ADS-B, 1090 MHz, OUT/IN) capability.
3. Aircraft operators shall enter the aircraft address (ICAO 24 Bit Code) in Item 18 of the flight plan, i.e. CODE/899059.
4. The aircraft identification not exceeding 7 characters must be accurately entered in Item 7 of the flight plan and replicated exactly when set in the aircraft (for transmission as Flight ID). Refer to Appendix 2 to PANS-ATM Doc 4444 for further information about aircraft identification.

ENR 1.8 SUPPLEMENTARY PROCEDURES AND NATIONAL RULES